For Gradualism, changes in species is slow and gradual, occurring in small periodic changes in the gene pool, whereas for Punctuated Equilibrium, evolution occurs in spurts of relatively rapid change with long periods of non-change
Glucose is broken down during fermentation anaerobically
Its called central vacuole
No. It was an idea that yielded common positive results. “Not a good theory” is biased terminology. New technology can yield new information, but it does not mean that it was not a good theory.