South Korea because this country has alot more freedom and is less strict than the north.
The Ottoman Empire wanted more nationalism
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The role of the President pro tempore of the Senate is mostly ceremonial as he is appointed to work in the place of a vice president when he is not available and take everything in control.
Mostly the power is in the hands of the other leaders and the senators but in the absence of the vice president the President pro tempore of the senate takes his place and certain duties are authorised which he can perform during that time.
The answer to this question is number 2