The difference between neurotransmitters and hormones has become blurred in recent years, but a chemical is currently classified
as a hormone if it _____. a) has its release controlled by a neuron b) leaves the body of the secreting organism and affects other individuals of the same species c) is made in an endocrine gland d) travels in the blood and has an effect on a remote tissue.
The correct answer is d) travels in the blood and has an effect on a remote tissue.
Explanation:
Hormones are released by the endocrine glands that are also known as ductless glands. These hormones circulate in the body by the help of blood because they are directly released in the blood which is needed for them to affect the distant target organ or tissue.
Neurotransmitter is different from hormones as they are released by the presynaptic nerve terminal of neurons in the space between two neurons called synaptic cleft from where it moves to the next neuron.
Therefore neurotransmitter is released from one neuron and received by another neuron. It is not directly released in blood to affect a remote tissue. So the right answer is d.
This process is called aerobic respiration because it requires air (oxygen). In the absence of oxygen, the cell uses a process called anaerobic fermentation. or simply fermentation. ... Because aerobic respiration breaks the sugar all the way down, it releases much more energy than fermentation.
