C. Most psychologists believe that prosocial behavior always contains an element of self sacrifice.
Answer: Sunk Cost fallacy
Explanation:
The sunk cost can be defined as the cost that has already been incurred and cannot be refunded back. It is in contrasted to the prospective costs which are the costs of future and that can be saved if any action is needed.
The economist argue that the sunk cost has nothing to do with the future rational decision making.
The example of such situation is fees which is once spent is generally not refunded.
D. I don't know if that is what your teacher will agree with but in my own personal research I have found that to be very effective.
An employee made unable to work until certain guidelines are met
Answer: The first answer
Explanation: School programs and peer pressure cause this