Answer: A. Childbirth affects the entire family, and relationships will change.
Explanation: According to the research conducted by Klaus and Kennell (1982), a major change resulting from child births can affect entire family and relationships will change due to mother and child bonding while failure to bond with result to negative impact on the child.
According to Brockington(2004), The process of childbearing is one of the most complex, and common, developmental events in the human experience. The formation of the bond between mother and infant has been a central focus of obstetric, neonatal, and pediatric nursing care for the past 50 years. The concept was introduced in the 1960s with the work of Reva Rubin (1967; 1967) and popularized in the 1970s by Klaus and Kennell, (1976). It is thought that the formation of a strong bond between a mother and her infant can lead to more positive parenting behaviors and improved cognitive and neurobehavioral development of a child (Klaus and Kennell, 1982), while failure to establish this bond during infancy can have serious long-term effects on the mother-child relationship, affecting the child’s development (Brockington et al., 2001). Some of the maternal consequences of poor bonding include lack of maternal feelings, irritability, hostility, and rejection of the infant. These behaviors may progress to avoidance, neglect, and child abuse (Brockington, 1996).
