The correct answer is increased crash risk.
Crash risk refers to the risk of being involved in a motor vehicle mishap. It refers to the risk associated with the happening of a road accident, generally determined as the outcome of the probability (likelihood) and severity (magnitude) of the incident, like road crash.
The phenomenon of crash risk elevates when it is combined with extreme emotional pain with abuse or substance use.
The answer is the first 1. i think. :p
