4. DNA sequence comparison
5. Random mutations
Distillation, Filtration, evaporation, and Chromatography
The filtration process is generally used to separate a suspension mixture where small solid particles are suspended in liquid or air.
Distillation uses boiling to separate mixtures of liquid solutions. It takes into account that different substances in the mixture will have different boiling points..
Chromatography is the separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or suspension or as a vapor (as in gas chromatography) through a medium in which the components move at different rates
Evaporation is a technique used to separate out homogenous mixtures where there is one or more dissolved solids. This method drives off the liquid components from the solid components
There are 11 organelles in total,
vacuoles: they store water
Chloroplasts: trap energy from the sun to produce food for plant cell
Cell wall: provides support and protection to the cell membrane,
Cell membrane: thin flexible barrier around a cell, controls what enters/ leaves the cell
Nucleus: 'The control center', carries the DNA of the cell
Ribosomes: Found in all cells, their jobs are to make protein
Endoplasmic Reticulum: The internal delivery system of the cell
Golgi complex: Transports materials throughout the cell
Lysosomes: Break down food into particles the cell can use. another function is they destroy old or dying cells
Mitochondria: Breaks down food to make ATP
and last but not least cytoplasm a jelly like fluid in the cell that keeps the organelles suspended
B. Terrestrial and Aquatic
The answer is 99.
Amino acids <span>contain a carboxyl group (carbon-containing) and an amino group (nitrogen containing). Proteins are made by forming peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino group of amino acids.
</span>If a protein is made of 100 amino acids, that means there are 99 peptide bonds (because the last, 100th amino acid will not bind the next (101st) amino acid). For each peptide bond that is created, one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms are taken. Therefore, one water molecule is created for each peptide bond. If there are 99 peptide bonds, 99 water molecules are created.
