The respiratory center rhythmically sends neural output to the diaphragm and ____________ muscles to regulate quiet breathing. T
he respiratory center is stimulated to alter breathing rate and depth by ____________ input from ____________ in the brain. Additional input comes from peripheral receptors, including ____________ within the carotid and aortic bodies, ____________ of the mucosal lining of the respiratory tract, ____________ of the lungs and visceral pleura, and ____________ of the joints. Breathing can be consciously controlled by the ____________ , which bypasses the respiratory center to directly stimulate lower motor neurons.
The respiratory center rhythmically sends neural output to the diaphragm and <u>external intercostal muscles</u> to regulate quiet breathing. The respiratory center is stimulated to alter breathing rate and depth by <u>sensory input</u> from central chemoreceptors in the brain. Additional input comes from peripheral receptors, including <u>chemoreceptors</u> within the carotid and aortic bodies, <u>irritant receptors</u> of the mucosal lining of the respiratory tract, <u>stretch receptors</u> of the lungs and visceral pleura, and <u>proprioceptors</u> of the joints. Breathing can be consciously controlled by the <u>cerebral cortex</u>, which bypasses the respiratory center to directly stimulate lower motor neurons.
The era is characterized by having one of the most diverse environment that the earth could have ever seen, as there were number of species of dinosaurs and there were different plant life as well, and the climate was not so cold to live for the different organisms.
As, the life on earth flourish even there were organisms found on large scale inside the arctic circle.While, the level of CO₂ increased inside the Mesozoic era. Along , with which the extinction of about 96 percent of life made it very difficult for the rest of the organisms to survive and thus there were now mutations happening inside the different organisms genome.Along, with that the way of reproduction was greatly changed inside the plants, as more effective form of flowering plants were evolved.
As, for the animals new species with the increase level of survival instinct were evolved from old simple ones across the globe.
