The correct answer is a) the inducer prevents the repressor from binding to the operator
Explanation:
In lac operon lac I gene synthesize repressor protein that binds to the operator region of the lac operon and inhibits the transcription of the mRNA by partially blocking the promotor region of lac operon where RNA polymerase binds.
When the inducer is present it binds to the repressor protein and makes a conformation change in the protein as a result repressor protein is not able to bind the operator region of the operon and do not able to block the transcription of the lac operon.
Therefore in the presence of inducer transcription of operon occurs so the right answer is a) the inducer prevents the repressor from binding to the operator.
The mutations occur at a rate of 0.56 base changes every 1 billion years. If this rate stays consistent, the mutation rate can be used to determine when different lineages of a particular species split
