Answer:
A mutation in Ras protein which will cause hyperactivity will eventually lead to cancer.
Explanation:
Ras protein was first discovered in Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and it is a proto-oncogene product. In normal conditions, it plays an important role in cellular signalling but in case of gain of function/hyperactivity it gets converted into cellular oncogene. In several types of cancers a point mutation has been reported in Ras protein.
Just like G protein, it is also a GTPase switch protein but unlike G protein which is trimeric, it is monomeric. In the plasma membrane, it is attached with the help of lipids like prenyl or palmitoyl groups. During signal transduction pathway when it gets activated, it downstream activates MAPK pathway and causes gene expression but when it gets hyperactivated it causes over expression of genes leading to cancer.
Answer:
<h2>
Interphase : divided into three phases, i) G1 phase, ii) S phase and iii) G2 phase.</h2><h2>Mitotic phase: i) prophase, ii) metaphase, iii) anaphase and v) telophase.</h2>
Explanation:
interphase : divided into three phases, i) G1 phase, ii) S phase and iii) G2 phase.
G1 phase: cell decide whether to divide or not and prepare itself for replication of DNA and arrange replication machinery. otherwise it goes to G 0 phase.
S phase: DNA replication occurs in this phase.
G2 phase: cell duplicates all their contents and prepares for mitotic phase.
Mitotic phase:
i) prophase- chromosome condensation occurs,
ii) metaphase - chromosome arranges in meta-plate and spindle binds to each chromosomes at centromere.
iii) anaphase- chromosome separates from sister chromatids.
iv) telophase- chromosome moves to each ends and formation of nuclear membrane begins.
cytokinesis: there is division of cytoplasm and forming two daughter cells.
The reptile produce few offsprings having no unique traits, and the vegetation as well changes quickly so that it can be protected from the reptile species.
Explanation:
Majority of the reptiles lay eggs or give birth to young ones such as squamates , this is done in two ways such as by keeping the egg inside the body of the mother or by developing offsprings without any formation of eggs. Climate change is having an adverse effect on the reptiles , a physiological as well as ecological change is occurring as a result reptiles as well as other species are in danger. Climate change is having an adverse effect on snakes , that is, there is fall in range size of snakes.
A. Order, Arrangement, world and Universe
Every plant organ is adapted to its function. For example, leaves that are big and flat absorb plenty of sunlight for photosynthesis. Long roots keep a tree stable and take water from deep in the soil. Some plants have unusual adaptations.
