the correct answer is A- Reproductive isolation occurred through behavioral isolation
A process of formation of a new species from an existing species is called speciation. New species may formed due to geographical or reproductive barriers which isolates the members of a population of a species to form a new species.
In the given question, speciation in In the leopard frogs occurred due to a particular or specific call given by males to the females. The courtship call lead to reproductive isolation due to change in behavior. Such type of behavioral change will help in recognizing mates of the same species and this will act as a reproductive barrier among the other related species.
Correct option b) A saturated fatty acid
When only one double bond in the molecules that is also known as monounsaturated fat. If there is more than one double bond that is known as polyunsaturated fat.
Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more than one carbon- carbon band double bonds. That indicates the maximum possible numbers of hydrogen atoms are bonds to each carbon in the molecule. These carbon form double bonds with the carbons next to them.
Alkenes contain carbon- carbon double bonds and unsaturated hydrocarbons with the molecular formula is Cn H2n. This is made of chains where some carbon atoms are not fully saturated with hydrogen atoms.
To learn more about polyunsaturated fat here
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-Water evaporates and condenses into clouds, then the clouds are blown over the ocean, and it rains.
-Water from a mountain flows down and into a river. The river empties into an ocean.
The right answer to this question is option D. Carotenoids are categorized into two major divisions: carotenes and beta carotenes
First, let's check option A, it says that the carotenoids include red, orange and yellow pigments, that's true, we can check that on lab for example, a vegetable that can be mentioned here are carrots, it has lots of this and it's very healthy too, and remember, there isn't a single animal that can produce carotenoids, so they need to grab it from nature.
The second option, B. says that sometimes carotenoids are sometimes called as acessory pigments, that's true too, some studies consider them acessory pigments, so, they're not alone there, there are different kinds of pigments that can be on that plant, and they're also very important for the animals. Option C refers to beta carotene as the most abundant carotene in plants, that's true too, we can also find other kinds of carotenoids on plants, but this one as it's seen in lab, is the most common one. The last one, D, isn't true, the two major divisions are: Xanthophylls and Carotenoids, beta carotenoids are a type of carotenoids, not a different group.