John Locke was a political philosopher who wrote on the necessity of the separation of powers in government as well as the necessity of revolution in overthrowing unjust government. These two values had an enormous impact on both the Declaration of Independence and also the American Constitution. Montesquieu was also an important philosophical thinker who wrote on the value in the separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judiciary. In addition Montesquieu believed in the creation of a system of checks and balances between the branches of government which also greatly influenced the writing of the American Constitution and the creation of the U.S. Government.
John Locke's writings(Two Treatises of Government) are of Natural Rights (Life, Liberty and Property) and how its the governments job to protect those rights.
if a government cannot or does not do so, then under his philosophy the people has the right to overthrow the government. (This idea is called "Consent of Governed") This is shown in the lines Declaration of Independence of "We the People".
Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws advocates for checks and balances in the government and dividing power among branches of the government.
The Manhattan Project led by Robert Oppenheimer was part of the World War II effort to beat the Axis powers by developing an atomic bomb that would quickly end the war.
