Answer:
moving across both the plasma membrane and the outer membrane
Explanation:
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that have a plasma membrane, a thin peptidoglycan layer, and an outer membrane (the space between the plasma membrane and the outer membrane is known as periplasm). Moreover, Gram-positive bacteria exhibit neither outer membrane nor periplasmic space and are surrounded by thick layers of peptidoglycan. Gram-negative bacteria have developed different protein secretion systems (types I–VI and type VIII) in order to secrete proteins into the extracellular space. For such purpose, the XcpQ protein (which is an outer membrane protein from the secretin family) participates in different transport processes in Gram-negative bacteria.
A lichen is an organism that results from a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism. The other organism is usually a cyanobacterium or green alga. The fungus grows around the bacterial or algal cells.
Answer:
The cell will swell.
Explanation:
The cells react distinctly when placed in different solutions like hypertonic, isotonic and hypotonic solutions. In the mentioned question, that is, in the fluid surrounding the cells, the concentration of salt reduces, which makes the solution hypotonic. Hypotonic solution exhibit high water potential and low solute concentration.
This makes the water move from the hypotonic solution to the inside of the cell as the osmotic movement occurs from high solvent concentration to low solvent concentration, thus, swelling of the cell takes place.
Answer:
A step that is not part of natural selection is people select which individuals breed and which ones do not.
Explanation:
Natural selection is a process in which favorable or unfavorable environmental conditions determine the evolution of species, producing differences in their genotype over a long period of time.
As its name indicates, it is a natural selection, in which no intervention by people is contemplated, so that <u>people cannot determine which individuals breed</u>.
Natural selection implies that the characteristics on which the environment influences are inheritable, that there is genetic variability in the population and that the variability of these characteristics implies the ease of reproduction and survival capacity.
<em>The other options do form part of natural selection, since they are based on the three premises of this process:
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- <em>Inheritable characteristics.
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- <em>Genetic variability.
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- <em>The variability of characteristics influences reproduction and survival.</em>
