Less developed countries, post-socialist countries, transition, social market economy
Answer: it was the shortest naval route between Europe and Asia.
Explanation:
John Ruthledge was appointed to the serve on the Supreme Court twice, first as associate justice and then, after a period of years off the Court, as Chief Justice, Washington appointed federal judges to 17 United States District Courts.
For the first question I believe is D, and the second question I think is D as well