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The wealth of the states came from controlling the trade routes across the desert. Their power came from having large pack animals like camels and horses that were fast enough to keep a large empire under central control and were also useful in battle.
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Women in the Middle Ages occupied a number of different social roles. Women held the positions of wife, mother, peasant, artisan, and nun, as well as some important leadership roles, such as abbess or queen regnant. The very concept of woman changed in a number of ways during the Middle Ages[1] and several forces influenced women's roles during their period.
<span>Relations between Hindus and Muslims were largely based upon trade until around 900AD when outlying Hindu communities began converting to Islam. This precipitated some armed conflict and struggles for territory on the sub-continent. Much of Islam's spread was made possible through Sufism, a sort of hybrid of Islam and Hinduism. Integration occurred under British Colonial Rule, and both Hindus and Muslims banded together to resist the British. Things changed when the British partitioned India based upon religious demographics - creating Pakistan, Kashmir, and creating conflict between the groups that persists to this day.
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