Modification is the name given to an attack that makes changes into original data such as users manually modifying data, programs processing and changing data, and equipment failures.
In modification attacks, only changes are made to original data without deleting it completely. Modification is basically a type of attack in the context of information security. This type of attack creates annoying situations and discords by altering existing data in data files, inserting new false information in the network and reconfiguring network topologies and system hardware.
Modification attack is mainly mounted against sensitive and historical data. Modification attacks target integrity of the original data with an intent of fabricating it.
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Answer: The statement implies that the hackers psychologically manipulate the human to access the information they need.
Explanation: The author states that the hacker does not only exploits technology to get system access or to gather information. But there is another pivotal part of hacking. He refers to this part as "social engineering".
Social engineering from information security perspective means manipulate human emotions and convincing them to disclose some confidential information. Hacker often hacks or defrauds after gaining confidence and trust of a person.
Phishing is an example. It is a fraudulent technique for getting some secret information. Phisher sends an email pretending to be from some reputable organization to persuade people to divulge private information like passwords and credit card numbers, ATM card pin etc.
The execution speed of machine language is faster than the execution speed of other languages. Machine or assembly language will execute the fastest as compared to high-level languages. No other language can execute faster than Machine language since instructions are directed straight to the CPU. Other high-level languages often add some non-zero amount of overhead to the execution time, thus, causing some delay.