Answer:
As we get older the number of taste buds decreases.
Explanation:
Gustatory cells or the taste buds contains the different sensory cells on the tongue. The papillae consists of all the taste receptors. The sweet, bitter, salty, umami and sour tastes are recognized by the receptors.
The different individuals have different taste because of the presence of the different taste buds. The number of the taste buds decreases the individual gets older. The children has more taste buds and can easily understand the taste of different things. Hence, Joshua dislikes the broccoli taste.
Thus, the correct answer is option (a).
Answer:
Another type of evidence for evolution is the presence of structures in organisms that share the same basic form. For example, the bones in the appendages of a human, dog, bird, and whale all share the same overall construction ([Figure 2]). That similarity results from their origin in the appendages of a common ancestor.
Explanation:
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Answer:
is the higher number of a blood pressure reading.
Explanation: systolic blood pressure is the higher number of a blood pressure reading and its measure in millimeter of mercury.
Systolic pressure is the amount of pressure in the arteries when contraction takes place in heart. Diastolic pressure is the pressure the heart when it relaxes. It is the lower number of blood pressure reading
When the systolic pressure is >120mm Hg and diastolic is less than 80mm Hg it is normal
120-129mm Hg and diastolic less than 80mm Hg it high and such person needs a regular medical check up
But when systolic 129-139 mmHg
and diastolic is 90mm Hg or above it means the individual is having hypertension stage 1
Above 140mm Hg is hypertension stage 2 and it is the most severe stage. It means the person is hypertensive and medical attention needs to be seek for necessary treatment as this could lead to death of such individual if not well managed.
I) Locus- the chromosomal site where a specific gene is located. A locus is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker. Each chromosome carries ,many genes; human's estimated haploid (n) protein coding genes are about 20,000, on the 23 different chromosomes.
ii) Interference; the observed double crossover frequency differs from the expected double crossover frequency. Cross over interference is used to refer to the non-random placement of crossovers with respect to each other during meiosis. It results in widely spaced crossovers along chromosomes. Interference may exert its effect across whole chromosomes. As chromosomes in many eukaryotes are large, interference must be able to act over megabase lengths of DNA.
iii) Linkage- the tendency for genes located in close proximity on the same chromosome to be inherited together. Normally when two genes are close together on the same chromosome, they do not assort independently and are said to be linked. Whereas genes located on different chromosomes assort independently and have a recombination frequency of 50%, linked genes have a recombination frequency that is less than 50%.
iv) Recombination- the process by which a new pattern of alleles on a chromosome is generated. Genetic recombination is the production of offspring with combinations f traits that differ from those found in either parent. During meiosis in eukaryotes, genetic recombination involves the pairing of homologous chromosomes. This may be followed by information transfer between the chromosomes.
Scientists first discovered chromosomes in the nineteenth century, when they were gazing at cells through light microscopes. But how did they figure out what chromosomes do? And how did they link chromosomes — and the specific genes within them — to the concept of inheritance? After a long period of observational studies through microscopes, several experiments with fruit flies provided the first evidence.
What is a gene?
Physically, a gene is a segment (or segments) of a chromosome. Functionally, a gene can play many different roles within a cell. Today, most scientists agree that genes correspond to one or more DNA sequences that carry the coding information required to produce a specific protein, and that protein in turn carries out a particular function within the cell. Scientists also know that the DNA that makes up genes is packed into structures called chromosomes, and that somatic cells contain twice as many chromosomes as gametes (i.e., sperm and egg cells).
But what were the key scientific discoveries that helped establish these principles? As it turns out, the connections between genes, chromosomes, DNA, and heredity were not recognized until long after researchers caught their initial glimpse of chromosomes. The following sections present an abbreviated summary of the major discoveries that revealed these connections.
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