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ikadub [295]
3 years ago
11

In a hypothetical situation, a certain species of flea feeds only on pronghorn antelopes. In rangelands of the western United St

ates, pronghorns and cattle often associate with one another. If some of these fleas develop a strong preference for cattle blood and mate only with other fleas that prefer cattle blood, then over time which of these should occur, if the host mammal can be considered as the fleas' habitat
Biology
1 answer:
MAXImum [283]3 years ago
7 0

OPTIONS:

1. reproductive isolation

2. sympatric speciation

3. habitat isolation

4. prezygotic barriers

Answer:

All of the above

Explanation:

First, let us consider the definition of the above listed terms in the question and see each come to play in the hypothetical situation.

Reproductive isolation occurs when two similar species become prevented from mating together as a result of environmental barriers. This can be seen in the flea population, as they become separated by ecological barrier, since some now live on pronghorn antelopes, while others live on cattle.

Sympatric speciation is a speciation that occurs when new species evolved from an ancestor that they share the same geographical region together, but dwell in overlapping different ecological area.For example, fleas that have preference for cattle blood evolved from pronghorn antelopes fleas, as their ancestor. The two species both dwell in overlapping ranges but still in the same rangeland.

Habitat isolation is a barrier that prevents two species from interbreeding as a result of differences in where they live. For example, fleas on cattle cannot interbreed with fleas on pronghorn antelopes.

Prezygotic barriers are reproductive mechanisms that prevent fertilization. Habitat isolation is an example of prezygotic reproductive mechanism that prevents fertilization to take place between fleas on cattle and fleas on pronghorn antelopes.

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In pea plants, long stems are dominant to short stems, purple flowers are dominant to white, and round peas are dominant to wrin
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Assuming the genes are not linked nor interacting with each other, the expected number of long stemmed plants with purple flowers, producing wrinkled peas, L-P-rr, is 288.

<h3>Available data</h3>

  • long stems are dominant to short stems
  • purple flowers are dominant to white,
  • round peas are dominant to wrinkled

  • Each trait is determined by a single, different gene.

  • A heter0zyg0us plant is self-crossed
  • F1) 2,048 descendants

Let us name te alleles as follows

  • L ⇒ Long stem
  • l ⇒ Short stem
  • P ⇒ Purple flowers
  • p ⇒ white flowers
  • R ⇒ Round peas
  • r ⇒ wrinkled peas

Cross) heter0zyg0us plant is self-crossed

Parental) LlPpRr

Gametes) LPR, LPr, LpR, Lpr, lPR, lPr, lpR, lpr

Assuming that these genes are not linked nor interacting with each other, to make the calcs easier we will make crosses considering each gene separately.

  • Stems

Parental) Ll  x  Ll

F1) 1/4 LL, 2/4 Ll, 1/4 ll

     <u>3/4 long stem,</u> 1/4 short stem

  • Flower color

Parental) Pp  x  Pp

F1) 1/4 PP, 2/4 Pp, 1/4 pp

     <u>3/4 purple flowers</u>, 1/4 white flowers

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Parental) Rr  x  Rr

F1) 1/4 RR, 2/4 Rr, 1/4 rr

     3/4 round peas, <u>1/4 wrinkled peas</u>

Now, we will get the proportion of individuals with long stems, purple flowers, producing wrinkled peas, L-P-rr

<u><em>Note</em></u><em>: The symbol - is representing either a dominant or a recessive allele.</em>

From the crosses, we know that

  • 3/4 are long stemmed,
  • 3/4 have purple flowers, and
  • 1/4 have wrinkled peas.

To get the proportion of individuals expressing all these traits together, we just need to multiply these values.

3/4 L- x 3/4 P- x 1/4 rr =<u> 9/64 L-P-rr</u>

Knowing that  the total number of plants is 2,048 and that there are 64 possible gametes combinations from this cross, we will use the proportion 9/64 to get the number of plants with these traits.

64 ------------- 2,048 plants

9 -------------- X = (9 x 2048) / 64 = 288 plants.

<em>We expect to find 288 long stemmed plants with purple flowers, producing wrinkled peas.</em>

<em />

<em />

You will learn more about trihybrid crosses at

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