<span>A.
constructive direction.</span>
Answer:
C) 8.75%
Explanation:
Number of periods = 4 years
Given return rates = 20%, -10%, 20%, and 5%
To obtain the arithmetic average annual return, add the return rates given for all periods and divide the sum by the number of periods.

Over four years, the S&P 500 index delivered an arithmetic average annual return of 8.75%.
Answer:
$405,000
Explanation:
The calculation of total amount is shown below:-
If the company disposes of the equipment to buy the new equipment, the sunk cost will be the old equipment's book value.
Sunk cost = Book value of the old Equipment
Sunk cost = Cost of equipment - Accumulated Depreciation
= $550,000 - $145,000
= $405,000
Therefore for computing the sunk cost we simply deduct the accumulated Depreciation from cost of equipment
Answer:
335.43 million gallons
Explanation:
price elasticity of demand (PED) = % change in quantity demanded / % change in price
PED = -1.9% / 10% = -0.19, very inelastic
expected price increase $0.40
% change in price = ($3.45 - $3.05) / $3.05 = 13.11%
% change in quantity demanded:
-0.19 = D / 13.11%
D = 2.49%
quantity demanded will decrease by 2.49%, from 344 million gallons to 335.43 million gallons
Answer:
b. would leave the market first if the price were any lower.
Explanation:
In the market, the producer always sells more than the economic cost ( raw materials and labor cost) that he bears during production. The marginal seller means that the seller earns zero economic profit ( producer surplus) i.e. an economic cost equals the selling price. So if the price falls then the marginal seller would leave the market first because he will be indifferent when earns the zero economic profit but when the price falls he would leave the market.