I believe Maria is a third party beneficiary.
Third party beneficiary refers to the group of individuals that have the right to sue for a breach of contract even though they're not directly the original active party to the contract (because they either directly or indirectly affected by the outcome of the agreement)
If you came to the United States on a nonimmigrant visa and you want to extend your stay you must apply with USCIS before your authorized stay, denoted on your admission stamp or paper Form I-94, expires. It is recommended you apply well in advance of your expiration date. To learn more select USCIS, How Do I Extend My Stay?.
Important Note: Providing permission to enter and/or remain in the United States. to persons holding a nonimmigrant visa is not the responsibility of the Department of State, and therefore Visa Services is unable assist you in this regard. All inquiries must be directed to USCIS.
The simple reason was because the British needed to pay their debts from the Seven Years' War (The French and Indian War) so they taxed the colonies.
Advantages are that they posses a wealth of expertise and considerable research. Disadvantages are investigate too many areas at the same time.
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