Answer:
The Secret classification level "shall be applied to information, the unauthorized disclosure of which reasonably could be expected to cause serious damage to the national security."
He Protestant Reformation challenged Apostolic Succession, meaning that Jesus appointed Peter, who appointed leaders who have an unbroken chain. With Luther viewing the Church as abusing its power, he challenged this unbroken chain. <span>This also lead to other beliefs, such as questioning papal infallibility. Easily seen in Shi'a or Sunni beliefs. Shia believing the 12 infallibles, while Sunnis declining that they are infallible. </span>
As mentioned, communication in intercultural settings can be made more effective when one understands nonverbal communication. Different cultures in the world also have different sets of customs and practices which we must know to be able to respect them. For example, in Japan, it is considered rude to give tips or even insulting to some extent. It may be mistaken that you have left your money and they will come after you. If you really want to thank the person because they were particularly helpful, you may leave a small gift instead. Respecting other cultures and achieving intercultural proficiency can bring new opportunities for you.
Because the Muslim world was the center of philosophy, science, mathematics and other fields for most of the medieval period, many Arabic ideas and concepts were spread across Europe, and trade and travel through the region made understanding Arabic an essential skill for merchants and travelers alike.
