It is nearly 1 or 2 an impairment of health or conditions.abnormal function
Explanation:
Incinerators are not helpful in reducing pollution as they produce a lot of ash and smoke so it increases the air pollution by burning of waste.
Solar and wind energy are the clean source of energies replacing the fuels. Catalytic converters reduce the air pollution from the exhaust fumes of vehicles.
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Answer:
The ability of caffeine to inhibit adenosine receptors, plays a very important role in heightened alertness and sleeplessness.
Explanation:
"<em><u>Caffeine</u></em>" (<em>1,3,7-trimethylxanthine</em>) is an alkaloid obtained from plants. It has a chemical formula of C8H10N4O2.
Caffeine is generally <em>hydrophillic</em> but sufficiently <em>lipophilic</em> to pass through all biological membranes and readily cross the blood-brain barrier.
Therefore can bind with the adenosine receptors. Due to the blocking of adenosine inhibitory effects through its receptors held by paraxanthine and caffeine, it indirectly affects the release of <u>norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin, glutamate</u> e.t.c.
The release of the above-mentioned hormones have a great impact on the heightened alertness of the body, especially <em>dopamine</em> and <em>serotonin</em>.
Counter current flow is the opposite movement of water against the flow of blood in the fish's gills.
