Question

Describe and correct the error in solving the equation

Answer 1

The main rule in these kind of equations is "what you do to one side you must do to the other"
With this being the case instead of subtracting on one side and adding on the other, you need to add 12 on both sides to get your answer. 
34=y-12
+12  +12
----------------
46=y

Answer 2

34=y-12 you want to add 12 to each side not subtract on one side and add on the other. Y would equal 46.