Enveloped viral membranes are generally (C)lipid bilayers with associated virus-specific (C)glycoproteins.
Viruses are intracellular parasites that hijack the cellular machinery for their own replication. Therefore, an essential step in the viral life cycle is the transfer of the viral genome into cells. Enveloped viruses (viruses with a lipid envelope) use a two-step process to release their genetic material into the cell.
It first binds to specific surface receptors on target cell membranes and then fuses with these. Viruses and cell membranes. This last step can occur at the cell surface or after internalization of the virus particle by endocytosis or another pathway (such as micropinocytosis).
Strikingly, the virus-cell-membrane fusion process proceeds along essentially the same intermediate steps as other membrane fusions that occur, for example, in vesicle fusion at neural synapses or cell-cell fusion in yeast mating. Fusogens, special viral proteins, facilitate the fusion of viruses and cell membranes.
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Answer:
Neutron stars are one of the possible ends for a star. They result from massive stars which have mass greater than 4 to 8 times that of our Sun. After these stars have finished burning their nuclear fuel, they undergo a supernova explosion. ... It collapses so much that protons and electrons combine to form neutrons.
Answer: Bio film that grows on the logs and feeds the lake.
Answer:
Substitution
Explanation:
There are 3 types of mutations: deletions, insertions, and substitutions.
A deletion deletes one of the bases (AGTC), which can completely mess up the sequence and create a completely different protein.
An insertion inserts a new base into the strand, which can also completely mess up the sequence and create a completely different protein.
A substitution just changes one of the bases to a different base. This doesn't usually affect what protein is made, but when it does, it only changes one of the amino acids in the sequence, whereas the others change all of the amino acids in the sequence.
If the same protein is still created, then this person only experienced a substitution because it didn't affect the end result of the protein.
