Answer/Explanation:
DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for replicating DNA. It is hugely important that is performs its functions accurately, as if incorrect bases are incorporated this can lead to mutations that disrupt the structure and function of genes. It adds nucleotides in a 5' - 3' direction only.
DNA polymerase III also has high processivity, which means that for every time it binds DNA, it is able to add many bases before it becomes dissociated.
A. DNA polymerase avoids the incorporation of improperly paired nucleotides in two ways:
- The first way depends on the structure of the enzyme. If the nucleotide that the enzyme is in the process of adding is not complementary to the template, then the nucleotide will not align with the template, and thus it is more inefficient to add. This inefficiency means the nucleotide is more likely to leave the active site before it is added, and DNA polymerase can replace it with the correct nucleotide.
- It also has proofreading capabilities. This means, when an incorrect base is added, it recognises the error and can fix this. It can do this because it possesses 3'-5' exonuclease activity. That means, it can chop out incorrectly added bases.
B. Ribonucleotides are the nucleotides that are incorporated into a growing RNA molecule. They are different from deoxyribonucleotides because of the differences in the sugar backbone (ribose vs deoxyribose). Their incorporation would disrupt the structure and function of the DNA, leading to problems with transcription and replication.
DNA polymerase avoids incorporating these nucleotides primarily because of the structure of the enzyme. Ribonucleotides cannot fit into the active site of DNA polymerase due to what is called a "steric filter" or "steric gate". This gate/filter function is performed by specific amino acid residues which usually have a bulky side chain and thus block the incorporation of the 2'OH of the ribose sugar (which is lacking in the deoxyribose sugar)
Answer:
What is the difference between Metaphase 1 and Metaphase 2? In Metaphase I, the 'pairs of chromosomes' are arranged on the Metaphase plate while, in the Metaphase II, the 'chromosomes' are arranged on the metaphase plate. In Metaphase I, the spindle fibers get attached to two centromeres of each homologous chromosome.
In metaphase 1 the pairs of chromosomes referred to as bivalents are totally condensed. Moreover the in metaphase 1 of meiosis there is no centromere division whereas in metaphase of mitosis it does. They align on the metaphase plate in between the poles.
Explanation:
Answer:
is the surface where the water pressure head is equal to the atmospheric pressure
Explanation:
is the upper surface of the zone of saturation. The zone of saturation is where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with water.
A, B, D, and E are all wrong. C is the right answer. C is a compound.
A, B, D and E are not unique. A pure substance is something with unique characteristics and if it can be broken down, the result is two or more pure substances. AKA only compounds and elements. This is an easy question so try to study.
Answer:
<em>I assumed this question was a fill in the blank. :-)</em>
- Hypertonic
- Greater
