I say 1 1/2 yards because you need to subtract 4 3/8 by 2 7/8. If you do subtract you would get 2 and -4/8 so you have you take away one from two which would be 1 4/8. Since 4+4 = 8 it would equal half so that the complete answer would be 1 1/2.
A- It's from educated experts and does not contain the same bias as D
I think it is because personification is the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.