I have the following problem with options a), b) and d): they don't specify the kind of values or philosophy that the adults have - so they would apply also tho problematic values, such as racism.
Therefore I don't think that they're beneficial to children, at least without having more information. Therefore the best answer is d) realistic expectations.
One, two, and three i think
Getting into college in Japan is more a matter of performance on standardized tests rather than extracurricular activities and in-class grades like in the United States.
