Answer:
A few examples could be an increase in food, an increase in shelter, a decrease in predators, or more land.
Answer:
Multicellular
Eukaryotic
Heterotrophs
Explanation:
Both cells of fungi and animals are eukaryotic meaning they have nucleus and organelles. They are multicellular organisms (meaning they are composed of many cells). Their cells are also heterotrophic meaning they depend on organic molecules for energy as opposed to plants that can make their food from abiotic factors. Fungi, however, digest their molecules extracellularly while animals do it intracellularly.
Answer:
directional selection
Explanation:
Selection is of three types -
1. diversifying
2. stabilizing
3. directional
These selections occur in a given environment to either increase, decrease or maintain the genetic variance of the population.
A type of natural selection in which the phenotype of the species of a given population tends to shift away from the mean and towards one extreme phenotype is known as directional selection.
In the given situation, it is given that the extreme phenotype of having thickest leaves is being favored in drier climate and hence, this is an example of directional selection.
Answer:
The steps can be the following:
1. Free DNA fragments from the donor cell bind to the recipient cell.
2. A DNA strand is digested by the bacterial nuclease and the excess strand is absorbed.
3. The coated DNA and the DNA of the recipient cell are brought together to achieve a homologous sequence.
4. DNA base pair alignment occurs through DNA ligase.
5. The integration of the exogenous DNA resulting from the recombination is completed, completing the transformation.
Explanation:
Transformation can be said to be the genetic variation of a cell that results from the uptake, incorporation and expression of exogenous DNA from its environment, which is absorbed by the cell membrane. The recipient bacteria have to be in a state of competition, and this type of competition can be induced in a laboratory, so that the bacterial cell is permeable to DNA when exposed to certain conditions. For this, the cells are incubated in a solution that has various divalent cations, such as calcium chloride, before exposing them to thermal shock. The main function of calcium chloride is to alter the cell membrane, allowing the recombinant DNA to enter the host cell. These types of cells can be called as competent cells.
