The correct option is: "Western nations have guaranteed rights to most Middle Eastern oil fields.
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Oil geopolitics is intimately linked to the perception of the oil peak by the great powers, which includes the awareness of the geological limits of the resource. During the twentieth century, the motivations were different, taking into account the political nature of the first two energy crises. In a way, the issue is crucial since both international and multinational:
It is inherent in international relations since the prospecting efforts carried out during the late 19th century revealed marvelous deposits in the Middle East.
The world economy (five oil companies are among the top 10 worldwide), is tied in the future to the fate of multinational companies that placed their interests that concerned the competing black gold
This sentence is correctly punctuated because it separates the initial adverbial clause with a comma, and then puts another comma before the conjuncting adverb "while," which is correctly used joining two sentences.
