This might sound stupid but may you explain more in comments will get back to you if you comment I will answer
First example: anecdote. The example suggests a narration, particularly through the words "outcome; left alone; etc". The situation also shows that either what preceeds or follows is a experience, that is an action.
Second opinion: expert opinion. This kind of supporting evidence is usually given by professionals, in this case a doctor. The word 'helpful' suggests it is an opinion rather than a fact.
Third example: fact. The use of the present simple tense and the fact that the information is specific shows that it is a fact.
Fourth example: emotional appeal. This kind of supporting evidence uses a variety of words full of emotion. In this example, emotional words include "pledge; striving; and vulnerable". The example appeals to emotions, which is the purpose of this type of evidence.
There is not attachment to this question
I believe the answer is B, an extended metaphor.
It can't be A because similes are comparing two unlike things using the words "like" or "as", which will also eliminate D.
It can't be C because a personification is where an inanimate object is given human-like qualities.
Throughout the entire passage, the author compares Ben to a bear and uses words such as "growled", "barked", "lumbered" which shows how the comparison between the two is prolonging throughout the passage.
