Answer:
d. Corporations pay income tax on corporate earnings, and shareholders pay personal income tax on corporate dividends and gains from the sale of stock.
Explanation:
At the end of each accounting period, the corporation is expected to pay a tax known as income tax from the taxable income earned by the corporation. This tax is paid by the corporation before the amount to be paid to the shareholders of the company in form of dividends.
The shareholders of the company are further subjected as individuals to personal income tax.
This is known as double taxation of dividend. Gains from sale of stock are also taxed under personal income tax.
Answer:
C. Governments have a difficult time fine-tuning the economy by using fiscal policy because there are several time lags and these are often variable.
Explanation:
Fiscal policy includes two important tools, one is taxation and the other is government spending, the balance of which is essential for the sustainable economy, however the collection of expected tax and the nature of spending (also include the priorities) takes time and certain variable factors e.g. economic growth (GDP), employment, inflation, etc makes it difficult for the government to fine tune the economy.
Answer:
b. Reducing the minimum wage and the time and cost to open a business would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right
Explanation:
Minimum wage is a wage set by the government, to pay for laborers. Wages below this is illegal. Wages are also a major cost to any firm. When they have been reduced, cost of production is likely to fall. Cost of production is a factor affecting supply. When cost of production falls, supply shifts right.
This is explained as that when cost of production falls, businesses can now make higher profits. This acts as a motivation for many other firms to also enter into the market. Therefore, supply is likely to rise in the long-run, shifting the supply curve to the right.
Time and cost to open a business is another factor affecting supply. When the time and cost is high, it discourages new firms because they do not want to undergo the hassle of submitting many legal documents or may not have enough funds to pay for all the costs. However, when the cost and time taken falls, more firms will be willing and able to enter into the market. Thus, the supply curve shifts right in the long run, increasing quantity supplied.
A family owned business will consider the budget, profit, goal of the business, status of the business, among others. Although this business might have a difficulty considering the welfare of their employees when deciding an important deal. They will have a difficulty empathizing with their employees since they are more focus on their business than their people.
