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antoniya [11.8K]
3 years ago
12

How many nucleotides are needed to code for an amino acid

Biology
1 answer:
ivanzaharov [21]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Three nucleotide

Explanation:

Three nucleotides are required to code for one amino acid. There are four types of nucleotides A, T, G, C which make DNA. So a doublet of nucleotide code which involves only two nucleotide would be insufficient to code for 20 amino acids because if 4 different nucleotide is taken two at a time then it can only produce 16 amino acid(4²=16).

But if we take three-nucleotide than the number reaches 64 which is more than sufficient to code for 20 different amino acids(4³= 64). Therefore 3 nucleotides are needed to code for an amino acid.

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1. Passive transport - this type of transport occurs without the input of any energy and the molecules move along the concentration gradients that is from <em>high concetration to low concentration.</em>

2. Active transport- this type of transport takes place to move the molecules against the concentration gradient that is from <em>low concentration to high concentration.</em>

<em>The active transport is of two types:</em>

1. <em>Primary active transport-</em> in this type of transport <em>ATP</em> is used as an energy source to move the substances against the concentration gradient.

2.<em>Secondary active transport</em> - in this type of transport the gradient formed by the active transport is utilized and it involves the movement of 2 substances at a time aross the membrane. That is the movement of one molecule is coupled to another.


  • The membrane proteins that are associated with active transport are called as <em>carrier proteins</em>. These proteins have a binding site for the molecules that they transport. Once they bind to the specific molecules, a conformation change is induced and this leads to the transport of the molecule across the membrane.

So, the <em>active transport is basically responsible for utilizing the energy from ATP and carrier proteins to move the substances across the membrane against their concentration gradient i.e. from low concentration to high concentration.</em>

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