After six months of negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference, on June 28, 1919 the Allied countries signed the Treaty of Versailles with Germany, and others throughout the following year with each of the defeated powers. More than nine million combatants and seven million civilians lost their lives (1% of the world's population), an extraordinary figure, given the technological and industrial sophistication of the belligerents. It was the fifth deadliest conflict in the history of Humanity. The convulsion that caused the war paved the way for great political changes, with revolutions of a character never seen in several of the nations involved. The League of Nations was founded, with the aim of preventing a conflict of such magnitude from repeating itself; However, two decades later, World War II broke out. Among its reasons can be noted: the rise of nationalism, a certain weakness of democratic states, the humiliation felt by Germany after its defeat, the great economic crisis and, above all, the rise of fascism.
The president nominates judges to the nation's highest judiciary authority (Supreme Court), but Congress must approve those nominees. The Supreme Court, meanwhile, has the power to invalidate as unconstitutional any law passed by the Congress.
