Upward and downward changes in aggregate economic activity, as measured by GDP, are called Business cycles.
<h3>What is
Business cycles?</h3>
Business cycles can be regarded as the cyclical upswings as well as the downswings that is been used in in the broad measures of economic activity.
Therefore, Business cycles is Upward and downward changes in aggregate economic activity, as measured by GDP.
Learn more about Business cycles at:
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<span>The criteria for white-collar crime can include offense elements criminology. To take offense to something is being resentful about an insult or disregard for one's standards, values, principles. In this statement, they are saying that white-collar (the rich) crime typically stems from offensive language or happenings. </span>
a.
WACC is calculated as –
WACC = (Weight of common stock X Cost of common stock) + (Weight of preferred stock X Cost of preferred stock) + (Weight of debt X After tax cost of debt)
WACC = (64% X 13.4%) + (9% X 6.4%) + (27% X ((1- 40%)*8.1%))
WACC = 10.46%
b. After tax cost of debt is calculated as –
After tax cost of debt = (1- tax rate) X cost of debt pre-tax
After tax cost of debt = ((1- 40%)*8.1%))
After tax cost of debt = 4.86%
I don't think tthat it is doing enough to reduce dependence
