Answer:
The pension expense for 2021 = $543,500
Explanation:
Service cost = $523,000
Amortization of prior service cost = $113,000
Settlement rate = 11%
Projected benefit obligation = $1,450,000
Accumulated benefit obligation = $3,600,000
Note: The necessary calculations are in the table attached as a file to this solution.
Answer:
a) Gold = $1,380; Silver = $1,020
b) Gold = $1,300; Silver = $980
Explanation:
a) At first, with Qg = 60 and Qs = 270, the equilibrium prices for gold and silver are found by solving the following linear system:

Equilibrium price of gold is $1,380 and the price of silver is $1,020.
b) If the supply of gold increases to 120, since the goods are substitutes, there will be an increase in overall supply and the equilibrium price of gold and silver will decrease as follows:

Equilibrium price of gold is $1,300 and the price of silver is $980.
Answer:
Positioning strategies
Explanation:
In business , positioning strategies refers to the efforts that a company can do to influence some sort of perception toward their brands.
In the example above, Markup artfully arranged his products and priced to indicate product rarity in upscale neighborhood.
He did this because for customers with high economic power, presentation of a certain product will create the perception that owning that product indicates high social status. This probably held more value compared to the actual use function of the product itself.
On the other hand, he left his products in open boxes and placed haphazardly on shelves when targeting customers with lower income. He did this because among customers with lower income, presentation tend to matter less compared to the actual function of thier brand.
Double-declining balance. Keep in mind there are three main ways to depreciate: straight-line, units of production, and double declining balance. Straight-line means depreciating the same amount every year. Units of production is based off your production levels for the year. Double declining means you depreciate more in earlier years (2 times your straight-line rate) and depreciate less in later years.