In rheumatoid Arthritis patients, NK cell levels were abnormally elevated, possibly due to high serum levels of IL-2.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is an autoimmune disease that means our own immune system attacks self healthy cells in the body by mistake, causing inflammation (painful swelling),mainly attacks the joints.
The given study is to investigate the relationship between serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels and disease activity.
This study also showed the relationship between absolute numbers of peripheral lymphocyte subsets, autoantibodies, and associated cytokines in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
The results showed that the number and percentage of NK cells were positively correlated with serum IL-2 levels so, IL-2 can be a reason for elevated level of NK cells
Learn more about Rheumatoid arthritis on
brainly.com/question/16920119
#SPJ4
<span>Molecular scientists can read the DNA code and compare the DNA of different organisms. This concept is ude in molecular clocks to determine the Moleular Phylogenies. It is letter B. Hereditary molecular differences are being analyzed in phylogeny which is mainly from the DNA sequence in order to acquire information on the evolutionary relationships of an organism.</span>
Answer:
B. 26amu
Explanation:
The nucleus of an atom in an element contains protons, electrons and neutrons. The proton number equals the electron number in a neutral atom. The proton number is also called the atomic number, denoted by Z.
The mass number also called Atomic mass unit (amu) in this case, of an element is the sum of the proton number and the neutron number in the atom of that element. The mass number is denoted by A.
Hence, A = Z + N
Where A = Mass number
Z = Proton (atomic number)
N = Neutron number
In this question, N is 11 while Z is 15
Hence, the mass number of the element in the question, in AMU, is 15 + 11 = 26amu.
Answer: C. M. rupestris, M. eastwoodiae, and M. nelsonii; they put more energy into making rooted branches than they put into making nectar and seeds.
Explanation:
In asexual mode of reproduction the plant does not produce gametes. The plant reproduce through vegetative propagation or spore formation. The plant does not produce nectar as no flowers are produced to attract the pollinators.
In sexual mode of reproduction the plant will develop the gametes and flowers will produce the nectar to attract the pollinators.
Thus on the basis of above explaination, C is the correct option. As the plants will invest more energy in making roots which are the organs for vegetative propagation a process of asexual reproduction.
When one phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond in a process called hydrolysis, energy is released, and ATP is converted to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). ... Likewise, energy is also released when a phosphate is removed from ADP to form adenosine monophosphate (AMP).
