Answer:
Pilot study
Explanation:
A pilot study is a preliminary study (prior to the actual study) done in a smaller scale to determine if the main components of the actual study (duration, cost, adverse events) will be feasible.
A pilot study is crucial to determine whether the study is doable and the areas that can be improved before the actual full-scale study takes place.
In this example, Clara conducted a trial run with a <u>small number of participants</u> to see if the instructions are clear and the experimental setting is plausible. Clara did this <u>before the actual study</u> and she did this trial run in a smaller scale, <u>her goal was to determine if the experimental setting was plausible and areas of improvement</u> (like the instructions), thus, this meets the requirements of a pilot study.
Answer:
The options are given below:
A. discriminatory regulation
B. heuristic
C. illusory correlation
D. foot-in-the-door model
The correct option is C. illusory correlation
Explanation:
In the field of psychology, illusory correlation refers to the phenomenon in which people perceive a relationship or connection between variables even when such relationship or connection do not exist. Oftentimes, people tend to attach a particular behavior or actions to a particular set of people, for example, when a person believes that people who live urban environments are rude. This belief will make the person think that every rude person they meet, lives in the city, rather than a rural area.
Therefore, in the scenario given above, where people assume there exists a relationship between violence and mental illnesses, when in fact, there is none, we say it is an Illusory Correlation.
Answer:
Provide retrospective but not predictive explanations of development.
Explanation:
There are some critiques to the Evolutionary Theories, among them: Biological Deterministic way of seeing the Hominideos and in many ways reductionist, to make it complex things simpler.
Analyzing the options then:
Provide retrospective but not predictive explanations of development.
These theories were not able to fulfill a model of predicting the future, leaving it blank for speculations. Also, it does not provide a cohesive and coherent basis model to predict the Post Homo Sapiens' future.
Despite those and other criticisms, this hasn't been enough to discard the Evolutionary Theories. On the other hand, the criticisms should be open for the sake of science.
Answer:
c. Retrieval
Explanation:
According to psychology, there are three processes involved in human memory:
- Encoding: this is the first step in the memory process. Encoding helps us to transform items into constructs that will be stored later in our memory.
- Storage: is the process of storing the information that was encoded earlier. It can be stored either in our short-term memory or in our long-term memory.
- Retrieval: This is the process that helps us <u>remember and bring to conscience the information that was stored earlier</u>. The process of retrieval helps us 're-access' to the information that was previously saved in our memory.
In this example, Zachariah found that once he started studying he was able to recall the information he had learned. We can see that t<u>he information was encoded and stored in his memory (otherwise he couldn't have recalled it), </u>therefore, <u>this information that was stored earlier was bring to conscience and he could "re-access" this information</u>, thus the main memory process that accounts for the fact that Zachariah could access and utilize the information in his memory is retrieval.
