The correct answer is - A. widening.
Both of the countries suffer from low fertility rate, Japan little more than the USA. The gap is widening because of the migrations.
- USA is country that is on the top of the list as a destination for migration, and also it is a country that allows big number of migrants in it every year, that contributes to the country's population to become bigger and bigger even though the fertility rate is low.
-Japan the other hand is a country that has both very low fertility rate, and very small amount of migrants coming to live in it, so the number of the population is stagnant for some time now, and is expected to start decreasing quickly in the coming years once the older population is not among the living anymore.
Answer: D. demographers
Explanation:
When planning for the future of a city, the urban planners need to ensure that the city is able to afford its current and future residents with the facilities needed to provide them with the maximum welfare possible.
To do this the urban planners should reach out to demographers. Demographers study human populations with a view to analyse and ascertain various characteristics such as size, composition, how they are distributed within a geopolitical zone and most importantly, how they will change overtime.
For urban planners to plan for a city that will take care of future residents as well, they would need to know how the kind of future residents they are planning for and this is when they will turn to demographers whose job it is to study and possibly predict future population.
