Answer:Al3+ indicates an ion of aluminum having a charge of + 3. I.e., since an aluminum atom normally has 13 protons and 13 electrons, this ion has 10 electrons (-10 charge) and 13 protons (+ 13 charge) giving it a charge of + 3 (-10 + 13 = +3).
Explanation:
Answer:
a. 0.20 M HF and 0.10 M NaOH.
c. 0.10 M HF and 0.10 M NaF
d. 0.10 M HCl and 0.20 M NaF.
Explanation:
A buffer solution consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or of a weak base and its conjugate acid.
In this case, <u>HF is the weak acid and F⁻ is its conjugate base</u>.
Let's go case-by-case:
a. 0.20 M HF and 0.10 M NaOH.
- Some -but not all- HF will react and produce F⁻, leaving a buffer solution.
b. 0.10 M HF and 0.10 M NaOH.
- All HF will react, not a buffer solution.
c. 0.10 M HF and 0.10 M NaF.
- There's no reaction, and both HF and F⁻ are directly added, it is a buffer solution.
d. 0.10 M HCl and 0.20 M NaF.
- Some F⁻ will react and produce HF, leaving a buffer solution.
The correct answers are A), C) and D).
Explanation:
Fe + 2AgNO3 = Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag
Answer:
electronegativity of bonded atoms and shape.
Explanation:
if the shape of molecule is symmetric it will non polar. The polar molecules are trigonal in shape.
Sodium chloride is ionic compound. The electronegativity of chlorine is 3.16 and for sodium is 0.93. There is large difference is present. That's why electron from sodium is transfer to the chlorine. Sodium becomes positive and chlorine becomes negative ion and compound is polar.
Covalent bond:
It is formed by the sharing of electron pair between bonded atoms.
The atom with larger electronegativity attract the electron pair more towards it self and becomes partial negative while the other atom becomes partial positive and compound will polar.
For example:
In water the electronegativity of oxygen is 3.44 and hydrogen is 2.2. That's why electron pair attracted more towards oxygen, thus oxygen becomes partial negative and hydrogen becomes partial positive.
Answer:
Ionosphere.
Explanation:
The atmospheric layer that is represented by F is known as IONOSPHERE.
The characteristics of Ionosphere
1. It is considered to be located in the upper layer of the earth's atmosphere due to the location of region F.
2. It is ionized by solar radiation that contains an electrical charge.
3. It functions as a reflector. This can be observed in radio waves broadcasting.