Answer:
A frame shift mutation (also called a framing error or a reading frame shift) is a genetic mutation caused by indels (insertions or deletions) of a number of nucleotides in a DNA sequence that is not divisible by three.The earlier in the sequence the deletion or insertion occurs, the more altered the protein.
Explanation:
Answer: It occurred a dihybrid cross and epistasis.
Explanation: In dihybrid cross, two different genes controlled two different traits. When they interact with each other is called Epistasis. However, in wheat plants, the genes related to color kernels don't act opposedly to each other. In other words, the genes have the same role in producing protein, so they can substitute for each other.
In the color determination mechanism, a biochemical reaction is necessary to convert a precursor substance into a pigment and that reaction happens with the product of either genes. That's why having a dominant allele makes the wheat colorful. So, crossing colored kernels with white ones will produce a heterozygous F1 generation. Crossing this generation will produce a F2 generation with modified ratio of 15 colored: 1 non colored because, every individual who has dominant alleles will produce the substance and thus the biochemical reaction will happen. Only recessive homozygous ones won't have the substance and so won't have color.
