Early anaerobic prokaryotes engulfed aerobic prokaryotes, which evolved into mitochondria.
The endosymbiotic theory is used to explain the evolution of eukarytotic cells. They evolved from a predatory relatioship between anaerobic protists and aerobic prokaryotes that turned symbiotic.
Explanation:
It is believed that the very first cells utilized glycolysis for cellular respiration to provide energy for the cellular activities. Over time some cells evolved mechanisms to harness the energy of the sun. These cells changed the composition of the atmosphere because they took up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and evolved oxygen resulting to what is described as the Great Oxygenation Event. Some cells evolved aerobic respiration with most anaerobes perishing due to the oxidative capacity of oxygen. These aerobic cells (the prokaryotes) were more efficient in producing energy than anaerobes.
During these times before evolution of autotrophs cells, cells were mainly heterotrophs meaning they engulfed other cells for ‘food’. These protists engulfed the prokaryotes that were more efficient in harnessing oxygen to create more energy. The prokaryotes utilized the Citric cycle than is highly effective in generating more energy than glycolysis. Over time this relationship shifted from predation to mutualistic relationship.
This relationship created the eukaryotic cells with the mitochondria being the aerobic prokaryotes that were engulfed by anaerobic protists.
Learn More:
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