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son4ous [18]
3 years ago
13

Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a prokaryote. How do you know? (1 point)

Biology
2 answers:
Readme [11.4K]3 years ago
5 0
The correct option is C.
There are basically two types of cells, they are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The eurkaryotic cell is a well developed cell that is usually find in multi cellular organisms while the prokaryotic cell is usually find in unicellular organisms. The prokaryotic cell is typically described as a primitive cell because it lacks nucleus and do not possess most of the remaining cell organelles. The organisms that possess prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes. Examples of such organisms are bacteria and archaea.
Instead of nucleus, prokayotes possess a nucleiod region which contains the cell's DNA. Prokaryotic cells also possess cell wall, cytoplasm and ribosomes.
enot [183]3 years ago
4 0

A prokaryotic cell is devoid of a nucleus, unlike a eukaryotic cell.

Further Explanation:

A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that does not contain a distinct nucleus. It also lacks other membrane-bound organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, chloroplast, and Golgi apparatus. For example, E. coli, archea, streptococcus bacteria, and Streptomyces bacteria. The region containing the DNA is called nucleoid. The nucleoid is not membrane bound.

The genetic material (DNA), proteins and other metabolites are present within the cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell surrounded by a cell membrane and not in separate cellular compartments. Certain bacteria also contain flagellin protein which makes the flagellum required for chemotaxis. The physiological response of a bacteria in the direction of increasing or decreasing the concentration gradient of a particular molecule is chemotaxis.

The prokaryotes or bacteria might acquire four basic shapes: cocci, spiral, bacilli, and vibrio. A coccus shape represents a bacterium which is ovoid or spherical in appearance. A bacterium is called spiral when it contains spiral-shaped twisted rods. Some other bacteria have either cylindrical or comma-shaped and are hence called as bacillus or vibrio, respectively. The bacterial and archaeal species perform asexual reproduction, for example, binary fission.

On the other hand, the eukaryotes are multicellular as well as unicellular. The unicellular eukaryotes are algae, protozoa, and phytoplankton whereas, the multicellular eukaryotes are animals, brown algae, green algae, and fungi. The organelles present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell are mitochondria, chloroplast, nucleus, and Golgi apparatus. These organelles are bound by a membrane on the outside. The major part of DNA is present in the nucleus which is surrounded by a nuclear membrane whereas; mitochondria and chloroplast also contain some of the genetic material in the case of animals and plants respectively.

Learn more:

1. Learn more about science and society <u>brainly.com/question/1721226 </u>

2. Learn more about difference between law and theory <u>brainly.com/question/192651 </u>

3. Learn more about primary succession <u>brainly.com/question/1386621 </u>

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Cell- The Unit of Life

Keywords:

Eukaryotes, prokaryotes, DNA, genetic material, membrane-bound organelles, nucleus, nucleoid, mitochondria, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, multicellular, unicellular, single-celled organism, flagellum, flagellin.

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About the question:

You will find the pedigree in the attached files

Answer:

  • individual 4 → Affected woman → Black circle
  • individual 5 → Affected woman or man → Black circle or square
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Explanation:      

Mitochondrial inheritance is the transmission of a disease or a trait from the maternal line.

<em>Most of the DNI is in the nucleus, but there is also DNI in mitochondria. Sperm cells hardly transfer mitochondrial genes to the progeny</em>, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this mitochondrial DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother genotype carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if an affected man is carrying a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.

Before answering the question, let us remember the pedigree symbols.

  • Squares represent Males/Men
  • Circles represent Females/Women
  • Empty symbols represent healthy/non-affected individuals
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In the exposed pedigree, we can see that the mother is affected by the disease (individual number 2), so all her children are also affected (individuals 4, 5, and 6) because the <em>disease is mitochondrially inherited</em>.

Individual 3 is a healthy man, so individual 4 must be an affected woman (Black circle). As she is the one affected, then all her children will also be affected. This couple <em>had one boy and two girls</em>. Individuals 8 and 9 are girls (circle), so individual 10 must be the affected boy (black square).  

On the other hand, individual 6 is an affected man (black square), son of individuals 1 and 2. This man couples with a woman, and they have all healthy children. So this woman (individual 7) must be healthy. Even though the man is affected, all their children are not because their mother (7) is not. Remember that sperm cells do not transmit the mitochondrial genes to the progeny.      

And finally, individual number 5 might be either a man or a woman. In any case, this person is also affected by Leigh's disease.  

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