Answer:
As somatic cells are diploid (2n) 2n=56
gametes receive only haploid set so, n=28
It will cause vasodilation of blood vessels in the brain.
CO2 is one of the metabolic end products that can alter the
tone of the blood vessels in the brain. High CO2 levels cause vasodilation,
which may cause headache, whereas low CO2 levels cause vasoconstriction, which
may cause lightheadedness. The statements included in the other options are
incorrect effects.
There are approximately 12 transisthmian shrimps species, called sister species because they cannot interbreed effectively, in the Isthmus of Panama. It is believed that the closure of the Panama resulted to allopatric speciation of the shrimp population within the region.
I think the answer would be c. because for birds with longer beaks, it was easier to eat seeds off a cactus (for example), and for birds with shorter seeds, it was easier to eat seeds off the ground.