Answer:
Element
Explanation:
All matter is made up of very small particles called atoms. Atoms are the building blocks of all matter. When a substance contains only one type of atom, it is called an element. ... <u>An element is a pure substance and is made of only one type of atom; it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance.</u>
Yes, it is true that Mammalian target of rapamycin pathway mutations cause hemimegalencephaly and focal cortical dysplasia.
Focal malformations of cortical development, including focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and hemimegalencephaly (HME), are important causes of intractable childhood epilepsy.
Using targeted and exome sequencing on DNA from resected brain samples and non-brain samples from 53 patients with FCD or HME, we identified pathogenic germline and mosaic mutations in multiple PI3K/AKT pathway genes in 9 patients, and a likely pathogenic variant in 1 additional patient.
Our data confirm the association of DEPDC5 with sporadic FCD but also implicate this gene for the first time in HME. Our findings suggest that modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway may hold promise for malformation-associated epilepsy.
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Answer:
The longest strand of DNA is the one that has descended the least in the electrophoresis gel. In other words, it is the one at the top of the gel.
Explanation:
Electrophoresis is a process that separates DNA according to its size and charge. The scientist puts the DNA samples into the indents at the top of a special gel. Then the person places it in a box that contains an ionic solution, a positive electrode at the bottom, and a negative electrode at the top. As the DNA has a negative charge, it will descend through the gel's pores towards the positive electrode. Since there are DNA of different lengths, the shortest goes down quickly through the gel than the large strands. As a result, the short strands of DNA will be at the bottom of the gel, the medium size strands will be in the middle of the gel, and the l<u>arge strands on the top of the gel</u>.
Paneth cells are specialized immune cells that are found in the gastrointestinal tract. Paneth cells act as anti-microbial defence for our bodies. It is found in the crypts of the intestine. It is also responsible for the renewal of epithelial layer cells which keep bacteria from entering the intestines.
