Answer: D) Segmental level, projection level, precommand level
Explanation: The hierarchical organisation of the motor control system is only one aspect, besides it there is a parallel one. The motor control system is responsible for regulating movement and as such is crucial for the body's motility, which includes directional movement and reflexes. Of course, motor control only exists in organisms that have a nervous system.
As for the hierarchy of the motor control system, the lowest in the hierarchy is the segmental level. It consists of reflexes and parts of the nervous system in charge of automatic movements.
Second in the hierarchy from the lowest to the highest is the projection level and helps in the functioning of the segmental level, i.e, for the regulation of reflexes and for monitoring the multi neuronal system.
The highest level is the precommand level, which is responsible for controlling the output impulses that control the finest, most precise movements of the body, responsible for starting and stopping movements, regulating the muscles, and preventing unwanted movements.
Four of the earliest agrarian societies developed in fertile river valleys. Since people had already tamed plants and animals in those areas, societies had a head start. The first of these was in Mesopotamia, where Iraq is today. The land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers was especially fertile
Market economy is understood as the organization and allocation of the production and consumption of goods and services arising from the interplay between supply and demand. The characteristic that defines the importance of the market economy is that decisions about investment and the allocation of production goods are made mainly through markets.
In a market economy, producers and consumers can interact in the market. It is assumed that both types of economic agents assume the price of the goods as a given data (that is, they are "price acceptors" - "preneurs de prix" in French, "price takers" in English.- See Origin and assumptions in "Law of Walras".) And, from there, they make their production and consumption decisions, seeking to maximize the gain in the case of the bidders and the utility function (satisfaction) in the case of consumers. The participation of these actors, offering and demanding quantities of goods and services, in turn alters market conditions affecting the evolution of prices.
In the exponential smoothing approach, an exponentially smaller weight is applied to each demand that occurred farther back in time.
Exponential smoothing is a statistic forecasting method for univariate data that may be extended to support data with a scientific trend or seasonal component.
Exponential smoothing is a rule of thumb technique for smoothing statistic data using the exponential window function. It is a strong forecasting method.
A widely preferred class of statistical techniques and procedures for discrete statistic data, exponential smoothing is employed to forecast the immediate future.
This method supports statistic data with seasonal components, or say, systematic trends where it used past observations to create anticipations.
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