<span>The answer to this question is the second option-" carbohydrate polymers formed as water is removed". In the dehydration synthesis, polymers are created. This is when two molecules formed a new product which results the loss of water. So, this is a process of forming or making a new compound together with the removal of water.</span>
<span>Because of the U shaped tube having a selective permeable membrane, the number of the water molecules on the sides changes but the number of the sugar molecules remain same. This particular cell membrane is such that it lets only specific kind of molecules and ions pass through.</span>
Biosphere, Geosphere (maybe cryosphere), hydrosphere.
I'm not sure, correct me if I'm wrong.