Answer:
Air pollution because they release a lot of harmful chemicals
Answer:
Part a:
Whales and sharks share a common ancestor for superficial characteristics
Part b:
The vestigial pelvic bone of whales and dolphins indicates that they descended from an ancestor that lived on land.
Explanation:
Part a:
Whales and sharks possess similar body shapes and fin positions not because of descent from a common ancestor but due to their shared aquatic habitat. Whales share more characteristics with humans than with sharks. This indicates close phylogenetic ties (ancestral similarities) between humans and whales whereas sharks and whales have evolved independently. If they shared a common ancestor, they would have similar anatomical characters as well.
Part b:
Vestigial Structure:
A vestigial structure is an anatomical characteristic that is believed to have served a specific function for an organism in the past but as the organism evolved, the structure lost its function.
Pelvic bones are required by animals to move their lower limbs to be able to walk on land. Whales possess vestigial pelvic bones because they have evolved from an ancestor that lived on land.
Answer:
1. Restriction enzymes
2. DNA ligase
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
-------------------------------------------------
1. Identify your gene of interest (the one that produces human insulin in this case).
2. Isolate it from the rest of the DNA via restriction enzymes. Also extract a plasmid from a bacterium.
3. Use the restriction enzymes on the bacterium as well.
4. Join the cut plasmid and your gene of interest via mixing them and with the help of DNA ligase.
5. Insert the recombinant plasmid into a host cell. The plasmids are taken up by the bacterium by transformation.
6. Select for cells that have been transformed by linking the gene of interest to an antibiotic resistance gene or a report gene.
-------------------------------------------------
1. Agricultural Uses, we can insert disease-resistant genes into plants for example
2. We can amplify the DNA found at a crime scene to more easily trace down suspects
3. Medical Uses; we can more easily detect diseases and test for viruses (via amplification of blood samples).
Answer:
it helps the process go much faster and more efficient
Explanation: