Answer:
mutations can be either beneficial or harmful depending on the environment
Explanation:
Mutations can be defined as genetic changes in the nucleotide sequence of the genome of one organism. Mutations are usually neutral, but they can also be deleterious and/or beneficial depending on the environment. For example, recessive mutations that cause sickle-cell anemia, which is a recessive genetic disease that affects homo-zygous individuals, have shown to be advantageous for heterozygous individuals living in regions where malaria is endemic. Beneficial mutations can be selected by natural selection, thereby increasing their frequency in the population.
Living things consists of the organisms like the plants, animals, fungi, protozoa and bacteria. These animals vary in the complexity of the body and have different number of cells in their body. Organisms like the plants and animals are made up of several different kinds of cells. These organisms are called multi-cellular organisms. On the other hand, organisms like the baker's yeast (a fungi) and a plethora of bacteria are single celled organisms. They are called unicellular organisms. Hence we can say that the living things are made up of at least one cell.
This represents the example of founder effect.
The founder effect is a term in genetics that describes the loss of genetic variation as a result of new population formation by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. Small group of migrants (the afrikaner population of south Africa) that is not genetically representative of the larger population (Europe population) forms a new population with lower genetic variation.
