The tube that connects to mouth to the stomach is the esophagus.
I think that it is talking about how stress comes from the way we think and act because there are negative outcomes in some situations. And the stress could also help because it could make you think back when something like the situation you are in now and see how you can solve it. With the courage you have for a response. Also, if you see someone else with the same problem that deals with stress you can relate with that person b/c of stress that you get. Then, you and that person create a resilience.
Hope this help
SORRY if Not
Answer:
Lose weight: To lose weight, caloric input needs to decrease, and caloric output needs to increase?
Gain weight: To gain weight, caloric input needs to increase, and caloric output needs to decrease.