"The" is the particular article
Articles are like adjectives, they modify nouns
"The" is particular, because it specifies the noun you are talking about. If I say "Let's read the book" I am referring to a specific one
Answer:
My family is going to the beach, while we can see the ocean.
Answer:
It means ending it or finishing the year
Answer:
The pesticides cost the growers too much money.
Answer:
It depends on the text, try to search the role of the person who said it, it might give you a clue
Good luck!